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Artificial Intelligence

Novel Enhanced Starch for Gut, Immune, and Metabolic Health

A novel, short chain fatty acids (SCFAs)-enhanced starch proved highly resistant to digestion and increased the production of SCFAs in an in vitro simulated colon model. This novel starch may be a promising ingredient for food products aiming to improve gut, immune, and metabolic health. Short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are bioactive compounds produced in the gut by bacterial fermentation of non-digestible carbohydrates. SCFAs have garnered substantial interest of the recent research due to their local and systemic beneficial effects. Previous studies showed that mono-acylated starches modified to contain one type of SCFA delivered a higher concentration of that specific SCFA than traditional non-acylated starches, which resulted in distinctive beneficial effects (i.e., enhanced gut, immune, or metabolic health). Here, we developed a tri-acylated starch (starch modified to contain multiple short chain fatty acids) and evaluated its chemical and physiological properties in an in vitro setting. In this study, maize starch that was acylated with multiple SCFAs was structurally characterized to ascertain degrees of substitution (DS). Impacts of modification on starch granule/crystallinity were investigated. In vitro digestion and fermentation studies were conducted to evaluate the effects of the tri-acylated starch in modulating gastrointestinal physiology.  Tri-acylated starch had an overall DS of 0.6, and was resistant to in vitro digestion. Results from in vitro fermentation showed that mono-acylated starches yielded more individual SCFA than the unmodified starch. Intriguingly, with the same substrate concentration, the tri-acylated starch yielded more SCFAs than a mixture of three mono-acylated starches.  A novel, tri-acylated starch proved highly resistant to digestion and increased the production of SCFAs in an in vitro simulated colon model. This novel starch may be a promising ingredient for food products aiming to improve gut, immune, and metabolic health.  Speakers: Junrui Cheng, PhD, MS, Qin Zhao, PhD

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