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Artificial Intelligence

New Crops or New Technologies What Should Be Targeted to Reduce World Hunger and Environmental Impact

With the increasing growth of the global food chain, there is a growth of risks that can hinder globalized food distribution. From the decrease in arable land (desertification, depletion of nutrients), to problems in the distribution of goods (conflicts and wars that lead to supply disruptions, an increase of fuel prices and distance for deliveries) and the loss and waste of food products, there are multiple points where the chain can be disrupted. Sustainable downscaling of production chains could be a viable solution if it relied on novel technologies for the production of diversified underutilized crops (EU H2020 Project RADIANT) and optimization of agricultural raw materials processing at the farmer gate for added value (EU H2020 Project FOX). A combination of such approaches leads to the production of agriculturally diverse, ecologically viable crops, the nutritional benefits of which can be preserved by the farmers relying on mobile processing units. Shifting farmers' production to underutilized crops, while posing some risk of unestablished supply chains and agricultural procedures, can provide a farmer with organic, high-quality agricultural commodities of higher nutritional (higher micronutrients, rich in dietary fiber, resistant starch, and others) and economic value. Moreover, the application of emerging and novel processing technologies (pulsed electric fields, triboelectric separation, extrusion) even at small scale results in products with reduced environmental impact compared to the conventional alternatives (20% for juices, 10-15% for solids). Moreover, the provision of artisanal agricultural commodities, with added value due to the processing in the place, forces the farmers to integrate into the local and regional communities, thus creating regional resilient value chain networks. Speaker: Beatriz Silva, MSc

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